FMGE Jan 2025 Question Paper

1. Subtopic: Respiratory Complications of Trauma

Question Number: 1

Clinical question

A 25-year-old man is brought to the Emergency Room (ER) after a car accident. He has multiple injuries, including a fractured tibia. He was treated and stabilized, but 48 hours later, he suddenly developed difficulty in breathing, tachypnoea, tachycardia, and visible cyanosis. What is the most likely diagnosis?      (Medicine)

Options:

1. Fat embolism
2. Pulmonary embolism
3. Acute respiratory distress syndrome
4. d) Pulmonary oedema

Correct Answer: A) Fat embolism (Most likely correct)

Get the full explanation here: https://www.doctutorials.com/fmge/qbank/pyq/1000119

2. Topic: Haemoglobin and Porphyrins

Subtopic: Jaundice

Non-Clinical Question

1. A 4-day-old neonate presents with a bilirubin level of 15 mg/dL. The most probable cause is? (Biochemistry)

Options:

1. Physiological jaundice.
2. Gilbert syndrome
3. Hemolysis
4. Crigler-Najjar syndrome Type II

Correct Answer: A) Physiological Jaundice

Get the full explanation here: https://www.doctutorials.com/fmge/qbank/pyq/1000187

3. Topic: Central Nervous System

Subtopic: Tumours

Non-Clinical Question:

A 55-year-old female presents with complaints of persistent headaches. A CT scan of the head reveals a mass lesion. HPE findings are given below, showing psammoma bodies. Based on these findings, what is the likely diagnosis?         (Pathology)

Options:

1. Glioblastoma
2. Astrocytoma
3. Meningioma
4. Medulloblastoma

Correct Answer: C) Meningioma.

Get the full explanation here: https://www.doctutorials.com/fmge/qbank/pyq/1000112

4. Topic: Upper Limb

Subtopic: Hand & Finger

Non-Clinical Question

A 45-year-old woman presented with a tingling sensation of lateral three digits with loss of sensation of base of thumb on the dorsal aspect of the hand. Which is the nerve involved?                     (Anatomy)

Options:

1. Radial nerve
2. Ulnar nerve
3. Median nerve
4. AIN

Correct Answer:  A) Radial nerve

Get the full explanation here: https://www.doctutorials.com/fmge/qbank/pyq/1000109

5. Subtopic: Types of Epiphyses

Question Number: 1

Non-Clinical question

The structure indicated by the arrow represents a specific type of epiphysis. What type of epiphysis is shown?                    (Orthopaedics)

Options:

1. Pressure epiphysis
2. Traction epiphysis
3. Atavistic epiphysis
4. Aberrant epiphysis

Correct Answer: A) Pressure epiphysis

Get the full explanation here: https://www.doctutorials.com/fmge/qbank/pyq/1000141

6. Subtopic: Endometrial Hyperplasia

Question Number: 1

Clinical question

A 48-year-old postmenopausal female presents with irregular uterine bleeding. Endometrial biopsy reveals endometrial hyperplasia without atypia. What is the most appropriate treatment option?   (OBGYN)

Options:

1. Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills (COCPs)
2. Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System (LNG-IUS)
3. Danazol
4. Progesterone

Correct Answer: D) Progesterone

Get the full explanation here: https://www.doctutorials.com/fmge/qbank/pyq/1000155

7. Subtopic: Musculoskeletal Infections

Question Number: 2

Clinical question

A 40-year-old male presents with chronic back pain that has progressively worsened over the past few months. He also reports fever, night sweats, and unintentional weight loss. On examination, there is localized tenderness over the lower thoracic and lumbar spine. MRI spine is shown below. What is the most likely diagnosis?            (Medicine)

Options:

1. Pott’s spine
2. Osteoporotic vertebral fracture
3. Metastatic spinal tumor
4. Ankylosing spondylitis

Correct Answer: A) Pott’s spine

Get the full explanation here: https://www.doctutorials.com/fmge/qbank/pyq/1000119

8. Topic: Central Nervous System Infections

Subtopic: Meningitis

Non-Clinical Question:
A 39-year-old patient with HIV and a CD4 count of 139 cells/uL presents with altered sensorium and impaired consciousness. CSF examination using an India ink preparation reveals a positive result. Which organism is most likely responsible?            (Microbiology)

Options:

1. Candida tropicalis
2. Histoplasma
3. Cryptococcus neoformans
4. Candida albicans

Correct Answer: C) Cryptococcus neoformans

9. Topic: Endocrine System

Subtopic: Tumours

Non-Clinical Question:

69. A 45-year-old patient presents with a solitary thyroid nodule. Histopathological examination of the thyroid mass shows pink, eosinophilic extracellular material. What is the most likely diagnosis?               (Pathology)

Options:

1. Papillary carcinoma
2. Follicular carcinoma
3. Medullary carcinoma
4. Anaplastic carcinoma

Correct Answer: C) Medullary carcinoma

10. Topic: Acid-base balance

Subtopic: Buffer system

Non-Clinical Question

2. Which of the following amino acids primarily acts as a buffer in blood due to its ability to accept and donate protons at physiological pH?     (Biochemistry)

Options:

1. Histidine
2. Arginin
3. Tryptophan
4. Tyrosine

Correct Answer: A) Histidine

11. Subtopic: Benign Soft Tissue Tumors of the Hand

Question Number: 3

Clinical question

A 20-year-old male patient presented to OPD with the given presentation. He reports fluctuation in size of the swelling, mild numbness in the hand, and occasional pain. Identify the swelling on the dorsal aspect of the wrist?         (Medicine)

Options:

1. Ganglion cyst
2. Sebaceous cyst
3. Lipoma
4. Hematoma

Correct Answer: A) Ganglion Cyst

12. Subtopic: Laparoscopic Surgery

Question Number: 1

Non-Clinical question

What is the instrument of choice for creating pneumoperitoneum in the closed technique of laparoscopic procedures? (Surgery)

Options:

1. Veress needle
2. Hegar’s dilator.
3. Karman’s cannula
4. Hassan’s cannula

Correct Answer: A) Veress needle

13. Subtopic: Parasitology

Question Number: 97

Non-Clinical question

Identify A and B in the given image?              (PSM)

A. B.

Options:

1. Anopheles and Culex
2. Culex and Aedes
3. Anopheles and Aedes
4. Aedes and Mansoni

Correct Answer: A) Anopheles and Culex

14. Subtopic: Cholinergic Antagonists / Antidotes in Toxicology

Question Number: 1

Non-Clinical question

Which symptom of organophosphate (OP) poisoning is not reversed by atropine?            (Pharmacology)

Options:

1. Coma
2. Muscle weakness
3. Pinpoint pupil
4. Bradycardia

Correct Answer: B)   Muscle weakness     

15. Topic: Cellular Physiology

Subtopic: Skeletal Muscle

Non-Clinical Question:

222. Which of the following changes occur when the muscle contracts while exercising?      (Physiology)

Options:

1. Band M decreases
2. Band M & I decreases
3. Band A decreases
4. Band I decrease

Correct Answer:  D) Band I decrease

16. Subtopic: Pediatric Growth and Nutritional Assessment

Question Number: 1

Non-Clinical question

Chronic malnutrition is best measured by:     (Pediatrics)

Options:

1. Height for age
2. Weight for age
3. Weight for height
4. Body mass index

Correct Answer: A) Height for age

17. Subtopic: Bisphosphonates (Adverse Effects & Administration)

Question Number: 2

Clinical question

A patient taking alendronate is advised to remain upright for at least half an hour after administration. What is the reason for this recommendation?           (Pharmacology)

Options:

1. Reflux esophagitis
2. Gastritis
3. Nephrotoxicity
4. Hypercalcemia

Correct Answer: A)   Reflux esophagitis     

18. Topic: Mood Disorders

Subtopic: Bipolar Disorder

Non-Clinical Question:

A 24-year-old male, previously diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder, has become aggressive with his neighbours, is speaking rapidly, and is sleeping very little. He also exhibits hyperactive behaviour after discontinuing his prescribed medication. What is the most likely diagnosis?                   (Psychiatry)

Options:

1. Depression
2. Bipolar disorder. (manic episode)
3. Schizophrenia
4. Substance-induced mood disorder

Correct Answer: B) Bipolar disorder (manic episode)

19.  Subtopic: Meckel’s Diverticulum

Question Number: 2

Clinical question

A 27-year-old male presents to the emergency room with complaints of pain in the right iliac fossa and melena. On examination, there is tenderness in the right iliac fossa along with nausea and vomiting. Following surgical intervention, the finding shown in the image was observed. What is the most likely diagnosis?        (Surgery)

Options:

1. Meckel’s diverticulum.
2. Mucocele appendix
3. Carcinoid appendix
4. Appendiceal serous tumor

Correct Answer: A Meckel’s diverticulum

20. Topic: Substance-Related Disorders

Subtopic: Alcohol Withdrawal

Non-Clinical Question:

A 45-year-old man presents to the hospital with complaints of seeing snakes crawling and an inability to recognise his own family members. He reports his last alcohol intake was 48 hours ago. What is the most likely diagnosis?            (Psychiatry)

Options:

1. Alcohol-induced psychosis
2. Delirium tremens
3. Schizophrenia
4. Alcoholic hallucinosis

Correct Answer: B) Delirium tremens

21. Subtopic: O2-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve

Non-Clinical Question:

223. Which one of the following leads to a shift toward the dashed line curve in the given graph?               (Physiology)

Options:

1. Acidosis
2. Less 2,3 BPG
3. Hypocarbia
4. Hypothermia

Correct Answer: A) Acidosis

22. Topic: Disorders of Skin Appendages

Subtopic: Acne

Clinical Question:

243. Which of the following is the most effective treatment for severe nodular acne? (Dermatology)

Options:

1. Isotretinoin
2. Steriod
3. Topical tretinoin
4. Antibiotics

Correct Answer: A) Isotretinoin

23. Topic: Neuroanatomy

Subtopic: Cranial Nerves

Non-Clinical Question: Which of the following cranial nerves form the afferent limb of the corneal reflex?                        (Anatomy)

Options:

1. Optic nerve
2. Facial nerve
3. Trigeminal nerve
4. Trochlear nerve

Correct Answer: D) Trigeminal nerve

24. Topic: Integration of Metabolism

Subtopic: Metabolism in Starvation

Non-Clinical Question

3. During starvation, which of the following hormones is primarily produced to maintain blood glucose levels?                      (Biochemistry)

Options:

1. Glucagon
2. Insulin
3. Epinephrine
4. Cortisol

Correct Answer: A) Glucagon

25. Subject: FMT

Topic: Medico-Legal

Subtopic: Dying Declaration (DD)

Question Number: 85Clinical question

A seriously injured villager is brought to the hospital after being assaulted by a group of 4–5 individuals. A dying declaration is being recorded in the hospital. Which of the following statements is medico-legally correct?

Options:

1. An oath must be administered before recording the dying declaration.
2. Only the police are authorized to record a dying declaration.
3. An oath should not be administered before recording the dying declaration.
4. Leading questions should be asked while recording the dying declaration.

Correct Answer: C) An oath should not be administered before recording the dying declaration.

26. Topic: Head and Neck

Subtopic: Nasopharynx

Clinical Question:

A 48-year-old man from China presented with hearing loss in the right ear. On examination, the tympanic membrane was dull, and a B-type tympanogram was seen. Lymph nodes in the neck are palpable. What is the appropriate management?                  (ENT)

Options:

1. Grommet insertion + steroids
2. Radiotherapy
3. Wait and watch
4. Radial neck dissection

Correct Answer:  B) Radiotherapy

27. Subtopic:

Clinical question

A 25-year-old woman is found dead in her apartment. Postmortem examination reveals cherry-red discoloration of the skin and mucosa, and bilateral bright red hypostasis. Which of the following poisons is most likely responsible?

1. Cyanide
2. Carbon monoxide
3. Methanol
4. Organophosphate

Correct Answer: B) Carbon monoxide

28. Subtopic: Primary Malignant Bone Tumours

Question Number: 2

Clinical question

A 20-year-old male presents with localized pain that is gradual in onset and has progressively worsened over time. An X-ray reveals a sunburst appearance. What is the most likely diagnosis?          (Orthopaedics)

Options:

1. Osteosarcoma
2. Ewing sarcoma
3. Chondrosarcoma
4. Gout

Correct Answer: A) Osteosarcoma

29. Topic: Disorders of Skin Appendages

Subtopic: Hair loss

Clinical Question:

244. A woman undergoing chemotherapy presents with rapid and significant hair loss within weeks of starting her treatment. This type of hair loss primarily affects the active growth phase of the hair cycle. What is the most likely cause of her hair loss?            (Dermatology)

Options:

1. Trichotillomania
2. Anagen effluvium
3. Alopecia areata
4.  Telogen effluvium

Correct Answer: A) Anagen effluvium.

30. Subtopic: Clinical Signs of Early Pregnancy

Question Number: 2

Non-Clinical question

Identify the sign shown in the image below:  (OBGYN)

Options:

1. Osiander
2. Hartmann sign
3. Chadwick
4. Pisakaseck

Correct Answer: C) Chadwick

31. Topic: Cardiovascular System

Subtopic: Myocardial Infarction

Non-Clinical Question:

70. A patient is suspected of having a myocardial infarction. A triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) stain is used to identify myocardial ischemic damage. When is the best time to use TTC staining for optimal visualisation of myocardial necrosis?            (Pathology)

Options:

1.  <4 hours
2. 2-3 hours
3. 10-24 hours
4. 36 hours

Correct Answer: B) 2-3 hours

32. Topic: Histology

Subtopic: Cartilage and Bones

3. Non-Clinical Question Which type of cartilage is present in the histology section given below? (Anatomy)

Options:

1. Hyaline cartilage
2. Elastic cartilage
3. Articular cartilage
4. Fibrocartilage

Correct Answer: B) Elastic cartilage

33. Topic: Ear

Subtopic: Otitis Media

Clinical Question:

2. A patient with CSOM presented to the OPD with seizures, headache and complaints of nausea and vomiting. CT image of patient is given. Identify the clinical condition?        (ENT)

Options:

1. Temporal abscess
2. Extradural abscess
3. Meningitis
4. Petrositis

Correct Answer: A) Temporal abscess

34. Subtopic: Heart Murmurs

Question Number: 5

Non-Clinical question

Graham steel murmur is seen in?      (MEDICINE)

Options:

1. Pulmonary hypertension
2. Pulmonary regurgitation
3. VSD
4. Pulmonary stenosis

Correct Answer: B) Pulmonary regurgitation

35. Topic: Anaesthetic Emergencies

Subtopic: Malignant Hyperthermia

Clinical Question:

A patient undergoing surgery is administered succinylcholine for muscle relaxation. After administration, he developed hyperthermia, rigidity, tremors, and tachycardia. What is the most appropriate treatment for this condition? (Anaesthesia)

Options:

1. Neostigmine
2. Sodium dantrolene
3. Atropine 
4. Midazolam

Correct Answer:  B) Sodium dantrolene

36. Topic: Mineral metabolism

Subtopic: Potassium

Non-Clinical Question

A hypertensive patient presents with hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis. What is the most likely diagnosis? (Biochemistry)

Options:

1. Conn’s syndrome
2. Addison’s syndrome
3. Bartter’s syndrome
4. Gitelman’s syndrome

Correct Answer: a. Conn’s syndrome

37. Topic: Female Genital System & Breasts

Subtopic: Tumours

Non-Clinical Question:

71. A 60-year-old female presents with a slow-growing, painless mass in her left breast. On physical examination, the mass is soft, well-circumscribed, and mobile. A biopsy is performed, and histopathology reveals the following. What is the most likely diagnosis?       (Pathology)

Options:

1. Medullary carcinoma
2. Lobular carcinoma
3. Mucinous carcinoma
4. Invasive ductal carcinoma

Correct Answer: C) Mucinous carcinoma